1
00:00:22,759 --> 00:00:21,019
the late 1960s when Apollo missions were

2
00:00:25,070 --> 00:00:22,769
bound for the moon that we were first

3
00:00:27,859 --> 00:00:25,080
able to see complete pictures of the

4
00:00:30,800 --> 00:00:27,869
earth environmentalists began to look at

5
00:00:33,889 --> 00:00:30,810
our planet as a single fragile ecosystem

6
00:00:36,380 --> 00:00:33,899
now we are intensely studying the thin

7
00:00:39,380 --> 00:00:36,390
halo of atmosphere that surrounds and

8
00:00:42,139 --> 00:00:39,390
protects earth it recycles the air we

9
00:00:44,510 --> 00:00:42,149
breathe regulates climate and acts as a

10
00:00:48,110 --> 00:00:44,520
protective barrier filtering out much of

11
00:00:50,600 --> 00:00:48,120
the sun's harmful radiation last year an

12
00:00:52,790 --> 00:00:50,610
international group of scientists proved

13
00:00:55,960 --> 00:00:52,800
that ozone the key element in this

14
00:00:58,780 --> 00:00:55,970
filtering process is being lost at

15
00:01:01,150 --> 00:00:58,790
farming rate over the South Pole in fact

16
00:01:04,420 --> 00:01:01,160
a sizable hole develops over this area

17
00:01:07,590 --> 00:01:04,430
each winter without ozo the sun's

18
00:01:10,789 --> 00:01:07,600
harmful radiation will destroy life

19
00:01:13,560 --> 00:01:10,799
a group of man-made compounds called

20
00:01:15,810 --> 00:01:13,570
chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs used as

21
00:01:18,510 --> 00:01:15,820
refrigerants cleaning solvent sending

22
00:01:20,940 --> 00:01:18,520
some plastic forms are to blame for this

23
00:01:23,249 --> 00:01:20,950
environmental problem they eventually

24
00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:23,259
make their way into the atmosphere and

25
00:01:29,730 --> 00:01:26,680
destroy ozone according to dr. Brian

26
00:01:32,930 --> 00:01:29,740
tune of NASA's Ames Research Center it

27
00:01:36,990 --> 00:01:32,940
is a global scale environmental problem

28
00:01:39,410 --> 00:01:37,000
this really marks the first time I in

29
00:01:42,870 --> 00:01:39,420
the history of environmental science

30
00:01:44,880 --> 00:01:42,880
where human beings and one side of the

31
00:01:48,029 --> 00:01:44,890
planet have done something to the planet

32
00:01:50,520 --> 00:01:48,039
that is significantly affected globally

33
00:01:53,570 --> 00:01:50,530
and on the far side of the planet from

34
00:01:56,160 --> 00:01:53,580
where the original pollution took place

35
00:01:58,440 --> 00:01:56,170
using the beautiful sea port town of

36
00:02:01,499 --> 00:01:58,450
stavanger norway as a base of operations

37
00:02:03,389 --> 00:02:01,509
an international team of scientists

38
00:02:05,850 --> 00:02:03,399
assembled this year in an emergency

39
00:02:08,580 --> 00:02:05,860
effort to make a detailed study of the

40
00:02:10,889 --> 00:02:08,590
North Pole most of the work was

41
00:02:14,729 --> 00:02:10,899
performed a blow to any NASA aircraft

42
00:02:16,920 --> 00:02:14,739
this is the nail art to not for the

43
00:02:18,810 --> 00:02:16,930
mission special wing pods are attached

44
00:02:20,940 --> 00:02:18,820
containing atmospheric chemistry

45
00:02:25,349 --> 00:02:20,950
analysis equipment and a host of other

46
00:02:27,510 --> 00:02:25,359
instruments typically flights are made

47
00:02:30,480 --> 00:02:27,520
about 12 miles

48
00:02:32,970 --> 00:02:30,490
the fringes of space like into the

49
00:02:37,500 --> 00:02:32,980
layers of atmosphere directly affected

50
00:02:41,460 --> 00:02:37,510
by ozone mars the ER to is research

51
00:02:43,890 --> 00:02:41,470
partner is a modified ECA it flies at

52
00:02:46,020 --> 00:02:43,900
lower altitudes but has increased fuel

53
00:02:48,960 --> 00:02:46,030
reserves which allowed to cover more

54
00:02:53,190 --> 00:02:48,970
territory even flights directly over the

55
00:02:56,250 --> 00:02:53,200
North Pole inside the dc-8 is actually a

56
00:02:58,950 --> 00:02:56,260
complete scientific Observatory loaded

57
00:03:00,780 --> 00:02:58,960
with sensing instruments scientists

58
00:03:03,840 --> 00:03:00,790
perform their experiments and are able

59
00:03:06,600 --> 00:03:03,850
to map results right on the spot this

60
00:03:08,940 --> 00:03:06,610
instrument contains for lasers capable

61
00:03:11,490 --> 00:03:08,950
of shooting life many miles up into the

62
00:03:13,950 --> 00:03:11,500
atmosphere the light reflects back to

63
00:03:15,800 --> 00:03:13,960
the plane and provide scientists with a

64
00:03:18,540 --> 00:03:15,810
cross-sectional map of ozone

65
00:03:21,420 --> 00:03:18,550
concentrations as well as aerosols or

66
00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:21,430
regions where ozone depletion is capable

67
00:03:26,750 --> 00:03:25,090
of occurring initial results from both

68
00:03:29,370 --> 00:03:26,760
aircraft indicate that high

69
00:03:32,940 --> 00:03:29,380
concentrations of CFCs have been found

70
00:03:34,940 --> 00:03:32,950
at northern latitudes primed for ozone

71
00:03:37,430 --> 00:03:34,950
destruction

72
00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:37,440
when combined with high altitude ice

73
00:03:43,729 --> 00:03:40,290
clouds the right amount of sunlight and

74
00:03:46,729 --> 00:03:43,739
confined slow moving masses of air ozone

75
00:03:49,520 --> 00:03:46,739
destruction occurs as a result of this

76
00:03:52,070 --> 00:03:49,530
airborne mission scientists who are able

77
00:03:56,180 --> 00:03:52,080
to confirm the process and product areas

78
00:03:58,160 --> 00:03:56,190
of depletion international policy makers

79
00:04:01,370 --> 00:03:58,170
have met in hopes of limiting the amount

80
00:04:04,250 --> 00:04:01,380
of CFC production and losing they agreed

81
00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:04,260
to phase out the truce by the year 2000

82
00:04:11,930 --> 00:04:07,290
many scientists word that this may not

83
00:04:14,300 --> 00:04:11,940
be soon enough again dr. P the ozone

84
00:04:15,860 --> 00:04:14,310
problem for example when you release

85
00:04:19,219 --> 00:04:15,870
clear fluorocarbons to the environment

86
00:04:22,820 --> 00:04:19,229
it's decades to centuries before those

87
00:04:25,909 --> 00:04:22,830
are removed researching safe economic

88
00:04:28,330 --> 00:04:25,919
replacements for CFCs is a vital part of

89
00:04:31,040 --> 00:04:28,340
solving this serious environmental issue

90
00:04:32,340 --> 00:04:31,050
thanks to the intensive work done in the

91
00:04:36,090 --> 00:04:32,350
last few years

92
00:04:38,450 --> 00:04:36,100
we know why ozone depletion exists it is

93
00:04:40,950 --> 00:04:38,460
now up to the world community to take